1. Which of the following soil nutrients is most commonly associated with promoting strong root development in plants?

• Nitrogen (N)
• Phosphorus (P)
• Potassium (K)
• Calcium (Ca)

2. Which crop is most sensitive to waterlogging conditions?

• Rice
• Wheat
• Maize
• Barley

3. What is the primary purpose of crop rotation?

• Increase soil salinity
• Reduce soil erosion
• Enhance soil fertility
• Increase pest resistance

4. Which type of irrigation system is most efficient in terms of water usage?

• Flood irrigation
• Drip irrigation
• Sprinkler irrigation
• Furrow irrigation

5. Which of the following is a macronutrient required by plants?

• Iron (Fe)
• Zinc (Zn)
• Magnesium (Mg)
• Molybdenum (Mo)

6. What is the process of converting nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into a form that plants can use called?

• Photosynthesis
• Nitrogen fixation
• Nitrification
• Ammonification

7. Which pest is known for causing significant damage to cotton crops?

• Colorado potato beetle
• Boll weevil
• European corn borer
• Cabbage looper

8. Which of the following is a primary symptom of potassium deficiency in plants?

• Yellowing of leaves (chlorosis)
• Purple spots on leaves
• Wilting of leaves
• Browning of leaf edges

9. What is the scientific name for the practice of growing different types of crops in the same area in sequential seasons?

• Monoculture
• Polyculture
• Crop rotation
• Intercropping

10. What is the main advantage of using biological pest control methods?

• Immediate pest eradication
• Long-term pest resistance
• Lower cost compared to chemical methods
• Reduced environmental impact

11. Which insect is a major pest of stored grains?

• Aphid
• Corn earworm
• Red flour beetle
• Japanese beetle

12. What is the mode of action of systemic insecticides?

• They kill pests on contact
• They are ingested by pests and disrupt internal systems
• They repel pests without killing them
• They create a barrier on the plant surface

13. Which soil pH level is generally considered optimal for most crops?

• 4.5 – 5.5
• 5.5 – 6.5
• 6.0 – 7.0
• 7.5 – 8.5

14. Which of the following is a micronutrient required by plants?

• Boron (B)
• Nitrogen (N)
• Phosphorus (P)
• Potassium (K)

15. What is the term for the loss of water vapor from the aerial parts of plants?

• Transpiration
• Evaporation
• Condensation
• Precipitation

16. Which crop is known as a “cash crop” due to its high market value?

• Wheat
• Cotton
• Rice
• Maize

17. Which of the following is a method of asexual plant propagation?

• Seed planting
• Layering
• Cross-pollination
• Germination

18. What is the process called when bees transfer pollen from one flower to another?

• Pollination
• Germination
• Photosynthesis
• Fertilization

19. Which irrigation method is commonly used for rice cultivation?

• Sprinkler irrigation
• Drip irrigation
• Surface irrigation
• Subsurface irrigation

20. What is the term for the cultivation of plants in nutrient-rich water?

• Hydroponics
• Aeroponics
• Aquaponics
• Soil culture

21. Which of the following crops is a legume?

• Wheat
• Soybean
• Rice
• Barley

22. What is the main purpose of terracing in agriculture?

• Increase soil acidity
• Reduce soil erosion
• Enhance water drainage
• Increase crop yield

23. Which practice involves growing two or more crops in proximity to each other for mutual benefit?

• Monocropping
• Polycropping
• Crop rotation
• Intercropping

24. Which type of soil is best for growing most crops?

• Sandy soil
• Clay soil
• Loamy soil
• Silty soil

25. What is the primary benefit of no-till farming?

• Increased soil compaction
• Reduced soil erosion
• Faster crop growth
• Increased water runoff

26. Which of the following is a commonly used green manure crop?

• Wheat
• Rye
• Barley
• Clover

27. What is the process called when water from precipitation or irrigation moves through the soil and carries away nutrients?

• Erosion
• Percolation
• Leaching
• Runoff

28. Which of the following is not a characteristic of organic farming?

• Use of synthetic fertilizers
• Crop rotation
• Biological pest control
• Composting

29. Which type of climate is best suited for growing coffee?

• Temperate
• Tropical
• Arid
• Polar

30. Which crop is known as a “C4 plant” due to its photosynthesis process?

• Wheat
• Rice
• Maize
• Barley

31. What is the main purpose of using cover crops in agriculture?

• Increase soil temperature
• Reduce soil fertility
• Control weeds and improve soil health
• Increase water runoff

32. What is the primary function of stomata in plant leaves?

• Absorb water
• Exchange gases
• Store nutrients
• Support the plant structure

33. Which element is essential for chlorophyll production in plants?

• Iron (Fe)
• Calcium (Ca)
• Magnesium (Mg)
• Sulfur (S)

34. What is the main advantage of using genetically modified (GM) crops?

• Higher resistance to pests and diseases
• Lower yield
• Increased water usage
• Reduced growth rate

35. Which of the following is a common fungal disease affecting wheat?

• Late blight
• Rust
• Mosaic virus
• Anthracnose

36. What is the term for the upper layer of soil that contains most of the organic matter and nutrients?

• Subsoil
• Bedrock
• Topsoil
• Parent material

37. Which of the following practices is used to improve soil structure and fertility?

• Overgrazing
• Crop rotation
• Monocropping
• Deforestation

38. Which plant hormone is responsible for stimulating cell division and growth?

• Auxin
• Gibberellin
• Cytokinin
• Ethylene

39. What is the process of removing excess salt from soil called?

• Desalinization
• Desalination
• Leaching
• Irrigation

40. Which nutrient is essential for the formation of amino acids and proteins in plants?

• Potassium (K)
• Nitrogen (N)
• Phosphorus (P)
• Calcium (Ca)

41. Which of the following is a micronutrient required by plants?

• Nitrogen
• Phosphorus
• Potassium
• Zinc

42. Which practice involves growing different crops in succession on the same land to maintain soil fertility?

• Monocropping
• Crop rotation
• Intercropping
• Contour farming

43. Which type of pest control uses natural predators to manage pest populations?

• Chemical control
• Biological control
• Mechanical control
• Cultural control

44. Which crop is primarily grown for its edible oil?

• Corn
• Soybean
• Wheat
• Barley

45. What is the primary advantage of using drip irrigation systems?

• High water usage
• Reduced water usage
• Increased soil erosion
• Increased runoff

46. What is the process of breeding and selecting plants for desirable traits known as?

• Genetic engineering
• Plant breeding
• Hybridization
• Cloning

47. Which of the following is a warm-season grass commonly used for livestock forage?

• Kentucky bluegrass
• Ryegrass
• Bermuda grass
• Fescue

48. What is the main benefit of using compost in gardening and agriculture?

• Increased soil erosion
• Enhanced soil fertility and structure
• Reduced plant growth
• Increased water runoff

49. Which plant part is primarily responsible for water and nutrient uptake?

• Stem
• Leaves
• Roots
• Flowers

50. What is the primary function of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil?

• Decompose organic matter
• Convert nitrogen gas into usable forms for plants
• Produce oxygen
• Increase soil pH