1. Which of the following is a common herbicide used to control broadleaf weeds?

• Glyphosate
• 2,4-D
• Atrazine
• Pendimethalin

2. Which type of weed is most difficult to control?

• Annual weeds
• Biennial weeds
• Perennial weeds
• Ephemeral weeds

3. What is allelopathy in weed science?

• Competition for light
• Release of toxic chemicals by plants
• Growth enhancement of neighboring plants
• Symbiotic relationship with fungi

4. Which cultural practice can help in weed management?

• Overgrazing
• Mono-cropping
• Crop rotation
• Deep plowing

5. What is the primary purpose of using pre-emergent herbicides?

• To kill existing weeds
• To prevent weed seed germination
• To improve soil fertility
• To increase crop yield

6. Which method is commonly used for drying grains post-harvest?

• Refrigeration
• Sun drying
• Vacuum drying
• Microwave drying

7. What is the main purpose of post-harvest cooling?

• Enhance ripening
• Reduce respiration rate
• Increase moisture content
• Improve color

8. Which of the following is a common method for storing fruits?

• Controlled atmosphere storage
• Dry storage
• Humid storage
• Open air storage

9. What is the primary concern in post-harvest handling of vegetables?

• Loss of flavor
• Weight loss
• Nutrient degradation
• Pest infestation

10. Which of the following is a technique used to extend the shelf life of perishable products?

• Blanching
• Canning
• Ethylene treatment
• Packaging

11. What is the main benefit of using drip irrigation?

• Reduces soil erosion
• Conserves water
• Increases crop yield
• Enhances weed control

12. Which method is commonly used for transplanting rice seedlings?

• Direct seeding
• Broadcast seeding
• Line transplanting
• Aeroponics

13. Which practice is used to prevent soil compaction in crop production?

• Deep plowing
• No-till farming
• Over-irrigation
• High-density planting

14. What is the purpose of using cover crops in crop production?

• Enhance soil fertility
• Increase crop yield
• Control pests
• Reduce irrigation needs

15. Which of the following is a method of conservation tillage?

• Moldboard plowing
• Strip tillage
• Disking
• Chisel plowing

16. What is the main goal of genetic modification in crops?

• Increase nutritional value
• Enhance flavor
• Improve pest resistance
• Reduce growth time

17. Which technique is used to introduce new genes into a plant?

• Grafting
• Crossbreeding
• Tissue culture
• Transformation

18. Which of the following is a genetically modified crop known for insect resistance?

• Bt cotton
• Golden rice
• Roundup Ready soybeans
• Flavr Savr tomato

19. Which organism is commonly used as a vector in plant genetic engineering?

• Escherichia coli
• Bacillus thuringiensis
• Agrobacterium tumefaciens
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae

20. What is the purpose of marker-assisted selection in plant breeding?

• To identify desirable traits in plants
• To enhance seed germination
• To increase plant size
• To reduce plant diseases

21. Which of the following is a high-yielding variety of rice?

• IR36
• Kesar
• Alphonso
• Pusa 1121

22. What type of crop is ‘Kalyan Sona’?

• Wheat
• Rice
• Maize
• Barley

23. Which variety of potato is resistant to late blight?

• Kufri Jyoti
• Kufri Bahar
• Kufri Sindhuri
• Kufri Pukhraj

24. Which is a popular hybrid variety of maize?

• Ganga Safed-2
• Sharbati Sonora
• Ratna
• Jaya

25. Which of the following is a salt-tolerant variety of wheat?

• KRL 19
• HD 2967
• PBW 343
• WH 1080

26. What is the primary role of phosphorus in plants?

• Leaf development
• Root development
• Disease resistance
• Flowering

27. Which nutrient is essential for chlorophyll synthesis?

• Nitrogen
• Potassium
• Magnesium
• Phosphorus

28. What deficiency causes chlorosis in plants?

• Nitrogen
• Iron
• Calcium
• Zinc

29. Which element is known as the ‘structural element’ in plants?

• Calcium
• Potassium
• Nitrogen
• Magnesium

30. What is the role of potassium in plants?

• Improve drought resistance
• Enhance root growth
• Stimulate flower production
• Increase disease resistance

31. What is the main purpose of using herbicide safeners?

• Enhance herbicide effectiveness
• Protect crops from herbicide damage
• Increase herbicide residual activity
• Reduce herbicide application rates

32. Which weed is commonly known as ‘Parthenium’?

• Cynodon dactylon
• Amaranthus viridis
• Parthenium hysterophorus
• Cyperus rotundus

33. What is the function of a surfactant in herbicide application?

• Reduce evaporation
• Enhance spreading and wetting
• Increase herbicide absorption
• Improve herbicide solubility

34. Which is a non-selective herbicide?

• Pendimethalin
• Simazine
• Glyphosate
• Atrazine

35. What is the main advantage of using integrated weed management?

• Reduces herbicide resistance
• Increases crop yield
• Enhances soil fertility
• Reduces labor costs

36. Which of the following methods is used for the long-term storage of grains?

• Hot air drying
• Vacuum packing
• Hermetic storage
• Open air drying

37. What is the main objective of post-harvest processing of grains?

• Improve flavor
• Enhance color
• Reduce moisture content
• Increase size

38. Which gas is commonly used in controlled atmosphere storage to extend the shelf life of fruits?

• Oxygen
• Nitrogen
• Carbon dioxide
• Hydrogen

39. What is the primary benefit of blanching vegetables before freezing?

• Enhance flavor
• Preserve color and texture
• Increase size
• Improve taste

40. Which of the following is a common method of pest control in stored grains?

• Fumigation
• Irradiation
• Fermentation
• Solar drying

41. Which of the following is a benefit of conservation agriculture?

• Increased use of chemical fertilizers
• Reduced soil erosion
• Decreased crop diversity
• Enhanced weed growth

42. What is the primary objective of precision farming?

• Increase manual labor
• Reduce crop yields
• Optimize field-level management
• Minimize machinery use

43. Which method is used to conserve soil moisture in dryland farming?

• Irrigation
• Mulching
• Tillage
• Crop rotation

44. Which crop is typically grown in an upland cropping system?

• Paddy
• Wheat
• Sugarcane
• Maize

45. What is the primary goal of sustainable agriculture?

• Maximize short-term profits
• Increase use of chemical inputs
• Ensure long-term productivity
• Reduce labor requirements

46. What is the primary mode of action of contact herbicides?

• Inhibit photosynthesis
• Disrupt cell membranes
• Inhibit amino acid synthesis
• Block growth hormones

47. Which of the following is a method used for the pasteurization of milk?

• High-Pressure Processing (HPP)
• Ultra-High Temperature (UHT) processing
• Freezing
• Dehydration

48. What is the purpose of green manuring in crop production?

• Control pests
• Improve soil fertility
• Reduce irrigation needs
• Enhance crop flavor

49. Which gene is commonly used for developing herbicide-resistant crops?

• Bt gene
• EPSPS gene
• CRY gene
• GUS gene

50. Which of the following is a drought-tolerant variety of sorghum?

• M35-1
• Co 419
• CSH 16
• PVK 801