1. Which of the following is not a Mendelian principle of inheritance?

• Principle of Dominance
• Principle of Independent Assortment
• Principle of Linkage
• Principle of Segregation

2. What is the basic structural unit of the nervous system?

• Neuron
• Synapse
• Axon
• Dendrite

3. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?

• Vitamin A
• Vitamin B12
• Vitamin K
• Vitamin D

4. In animal breeding, what is the purpose of crossbreeding?

• To improve genetic diversity
• To maintain pure breeds
• To eliminate recessive traits
• To increase homozygosity

5. Which of the following is a ruminant animal?

• Pig
• Chicken
• Goat
• Rabbit

6. What is the function of the rumen in ruminant animals?

• Protein digestion
• Cellulose digestion
• Water absorption
• Fat digestion

7. Which of the following diseases is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D in animals?

• Rickets
• Scurvy
• Anemia
• Pellagra

8. What is the main purpose of artificial insemination in livestock?

• To reduce inbreeding
• To increase genetic variation
• To enhance reproductive efficiency
• To promote natural mating

9. Which of the following is an essential amino acid for poultry?

• Glycine
• Alanine
• Lysine
• Proline

10. What is the term for the study of disease patterns in populations?

• Pathology
• Epidemiology
• Microbiology
• Immunology

11. Which hormone is responsible for milk let-down in lactating animals?

• Oxytocin
• Prolactin
• Estrogen
• Progesterone

12. What is the normal body temperature range for cattle?

• 35-36°C
• 37-38°C
• 38.5-39.5°C
• 40-41°C

13. Which of the following is a common ectoparasite affecting livestock?

• Roundworm
• Tapeworm
• Mite
• Fluke

14. What is the primary cause of mastitis in dairy cows?

• Viral infection
• Bacterial infection
• Fungal infection
• Parasitic infection

15. What is the function of the liver in animals?

• Protein synthesis
• Detoxification
• Bile production
• All of the above

16. Which of the following is a symptom of ketosis in dairy cattle?

• Weight gain
• Decreased milk production
• Increased appetite
• Hyperactivity

17. What is the primary component of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

• Iron
• Calcium
• Magnesium
• Potassium

18. Which breed of cattle is known for its high milk production?

• Angus
• Holstein
• Hereford
• Brahman

19. What is the term for the process of giving birth in livestock?

• Gestation
• Parturition
• Lactation
• Insemination

20. Which of the following is an example of a zoonotic disease?

• Foot and mouth disease
• Rabies
• Newcastle disease
• Avian influenza

21. What is the main benefit of vaccinating livestock?

• To increase weight gain
• To improve feed efficiency
• To prevent diseases
• To enhance reproduction

22. Which of the following is a symptom of anaplasmosis in cattle?

• Lameness
• Jaundice
• Blindness
• Diarrhea

23. What is the role of the hypothalamus in animal physiology?

• Regulating metabolism
• Controlling body temperature
• Coordinating voluntary movements
• Producing bile

24. Which of the following feed additives is commonly used to improve feed efficiency in livestock?

• Antibiotics
• Antioxidants
• Enzymes
• Probiotics

25. What is the main advantage of using genetic selection in animal breeding?

• To produce more offspring
• To enhance specific traits
• To increase feed consumption
• To reduce genetic diversity

26. Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering blood in animals?

• Liver
• Heart
• Kidney
• Lungs

27. What is the main component of plant cell walls that ruminants can digest?

• Starch
• Cellulose
• Glycogen
• Pectin

28. Which type of muscle is responsible for voluntary movements in animals?

• Smooth muscle
• Cardiac muscle
• Skeletal muscle
• Involuntary muscle

29. What is the main source of energy for newborn livestock?

• Carbohydrates
• Fats
• Proteins
• Colostrum

30. Which of the following is a common bacterial disease in poultry?

• Marek’s disease
• Avian influenza
• Salmonellosis
• Newcastle disease

31. What is the primary function of antibodies in the immune system?

• To destroy pathogens
• To produce antigens
• To identify and neutralize pathogens
• To transport oxygen

32. Which of the following is a function of the pancreas in animals?

• Secreting insulin
• Producing bile
• Storing glucose
• Filtering toxins

33. Which of the following is a non-protein nitrogen source used in ruminant diets?

• Urea
• Ammonia
• Nitrate
• Nitrite

34. What is the gestation period for a cow?

• 283 days
• 315 days
• 240 days
• 365 days

35. Which of the following is an example of anthelmintic drugs?

• Penicillin
• Ivermectin
• Aspirin
• Atropine

36. What is the primary cause of bloat in ruminants?

• Overeating grain
• Ingestion of legumes
• Dehydration
• Parasitic infection

37. What is the main purpose of colostrum for newborn livestock?

• Provide energy
• Supply antibodies
• Enhance growth
• Improve digestion

38. Which mineral is essential for eggshell formation in poultry?

• Magnesium
• Calcium
• Phosphorus
• Potassium

39. Which organ is primarily affected by aflatoxin toxicity in livestock?

• Heart
• Liver
• Kidney
• Lung

40. Which of the following is a primary function of the rumen microbiota in ruminants?

• Synthesizing vitamins
• Producing methane
• Digesting cellulose
• All of the above

41. What is the main symptom of foot-and-mouth disease in livestock?

• Diarrhea
• Blisters in the mouth
• Skin lesions
• Blindness

42. What is the purpose of deworming programs in livestock management?

• To increase feed intake
• To prevent parasitic infections
• To enhance reproduction
• To reduce stress

43. Which of the following is a characteristic of intensive livestock production systems?

• Low stocking density
• Extensive grazing
• High input and output
• Large land requirements

44. Which hormone is responsible for milk ejection during lactation in mammals?

• Estrogen
• Prolactin
• Oxytocin
• Progesterone

45. What is the role of the thyroid gland in animals?

• Regulating calcium levels
• Producing adrenaline
• Controlling growth and development
• Maintaining body temperature

46. Which of the following is a primary reason for performing castration in livestock?

• To increase milk production
• To prevent unwanted breeding
• To improve meat quality
• To reduce feed costs

47. Which of the following is a characteristic of a monogastric digestive system?

• Multiple stomach compartments
• Large cecum
• Extensive rumen
• Single-chambered stomach

48. What is the primary function of the epididymis in male animals?

• Producing testosterone
• Storing sperm
• Digesting food
• Filtering toxins

49. Which of the following is a common ectoparasite of livestock?

• Tapeworm
• Tick
• Roundworm
• Fluke

50. What is the purpose of using artificial insemination in livestock breeding?

• To increase genetic diversity
• To decrease fertility
• To improve meat quality
• To control breeding seasons