Hi agriculturists, welcome to another Soil Science Test Series. Read all the questions very carefully before attempting. Today’s test series consists of 50 questions on soil science based on the previous year’s questions of the Licensure Examination of Agriculturists. Hence, attempting these questions will help you improve your skills for the upcoming examination.

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Agriculture Questions Soil Science Set-B

Soil Science Test Series: Set-B

1. What is soil science the study of?

  • Rocks and minerals
  • Soil as a natural resource
  • Water bodies
  • Plant genetics

2. Which term refers to the formation, classification, and mapping of soils?

  • Edaphology
  • Pedology
  • Geology
  • Hydrology

3. What percentage of soil is composed of organic matter?

  • 45%
  • 25%
  • 5%
  • 15%

4. Which term is used to describe the study of soil in relation to plant growth?

  • Pedology
  • Edaphology
  • Petrology
  • Agronomy

5. Rocks are primarily formed from which material?

  • Water
  • Magma
  • Soil
  • Sand

6. What is the study of rocks called?

  • Pedology
  • Edaphology
  • Petrology
  • Hydrology

7. Which type of rock is formed from the solidification of molten magma?

  • Sedimentary
  • Metamorphic
  • Igneous
  • Clastic

8. Which branch of soil science focuses on soil’s natural setting?

  • Edaphology
  • Pedology
  • Agronomy
  • Ecology

9. What is the primary component of the Earth’s solid crust?

  • Soil
  • Rocks
  • Water
  • Air

10. What is the process of the Earth’s crust breaking down called?

  • Erosion
  • Deposition
  • Weathering
  • Sedimentation

11. What is the percentage of soil water in the soil composition?

  • 10%
  • 25%
  • 30%
  • 40%

12. Which type of rock is formed from the alteration of existing primary and secondary rocks?

  • Igneous
  • Sedimentary
  • Metamorphic
  • Clastic

13. What are the primary constituents of rocks called?

  • Secondary minerals
  • Accessory minerals
  • Essential minerals
  • None of the above

14. What process involves the decomposition of rocks by various chemical processes?

  • Physical weathering
  • Biological weathering
  • Erosion
  • Chemical weathering

15. What is the Greek word for soil, used in the term pedology?

  • Edaphos
  • Pedon
  • Lithos
  • Geos

16. Which component is NOT part of soil composition?

  • Air
  • Water
  • Organic matter
  • Plastic

17. What is the process of breaking down rocks into soil called?

  • Weathering
  • Erosion
  • Lithification
  • Sedimentation

18. Which type of weathering involves the physical breakdown of rocks?

  • Chemical weathering
  • Physical weathering
  • Biological weathering
  • Hydro weathering

19. Which type of rock is an example of a sedimentary rock?

  • Granite
  • Basalt
  • Limestone
  • Gneiss

20. Which agent primarily causes erosion of rocks and soils?

  • Wind
  • Ice
  • Water
  • Organisms

21. Which type of metamorphosis involves changes due to heat?

  • Hydro metamorphosis
  • Dynamo metamorphosis
  • Thermal metamorphosis
  • Chemical metamorphosis

22. Which type of rock is an example of a metamorphic rock?

  • Limestone
  • Sandstone
  • Marble
  • Shale

23. What is the main distinction between primary and secondary minerals?

  • Primary minerals form from magma; secondary minerals form from primary minerals.
  • Secondary minerals form from magma; primary minerals form from secondary minerals.
  • Primary minerals are organic; secondary minerals are inorganic.
  • There is no distinction.

24. Which term refers to the influence of soil on organisms, especially plants?

  • Pedology
  • Edaphology
  • Agronomy
  • Ecology

25. What process is responsible for the chemical and physical alteration of minerals in soil?

  • Erosion
  • Weathering
  • Deposition
  • Lithification

26. Which type of igneous rock is formed from lava that cools quickly?

  • Intrusive
  • Extrusive
  • Plutonic
  • Metamorphic

27. Which type of metamorphism involves the transformation of rocks by both heat and pressure?

  • Hydro metamorphosis
  • Dynamo metamorphosis
  • Contact metamorphism
  • Regional metamorphism

28. What is the study of soil’s practical use and its influence on living things called?

  • Pedology
  • Edaphology
  • Agronomy
  • Ecology

29. Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of marine organisms’ shells?

  • Sandstone
  • Limestone
  • Shale
  • Conglomerate

30. Which of the following is a systemic fungicide?

  • Mancozeb
  • Chlorothalonil
  • Metalaxyl
  • Captan

31. Which type of igneous rock is granite?

  • Extrusive
  • Intrusive
  • Volcanic
  • Plutonic

32. What is the primary function of soil organic matter?

  • Provide nutrients
  • Improve soil structure
  • Retain moisture
  • All of the above

33. Which factor is NOT involved in soil formation?

  • Climate
  • Parent material
  • Time
  • Latitude

34. What is the main difference between weathering and erosion?

  • Weathering involves movement; erosion does not.
  • Erosion involves movement; weathering does not.
  • Both involve movement.
  • Neither involves movement.

35. Which soil horizon is known as the topsoil?

  • O horizon
  • A horizon
  • B horizon
  • C horizon

36. Which element is most commonly found in the Earth’s crust?

  • Oxygen
  • Silicon
  • Aluminum
  • Iron

37. What is the process of converting organic material into humus called?

  • Decomposition
  • Mineralization
  • Humification
  • Composting

38. Which type of rock is basalt?

  • Sedimentary
  • Metamorphic
  • Igneous
  • Clastic

39. Which term describes the capability of soil to support plant growth?

  • Soil fertility
  • Soil texture
  • Soil structure
  • Soil horizon

40. What is the name of the process where plants absorb water and nutrients from the soil?

  • Transpiration
  • Absorption
  • Photosynthesis
  • Respiration

41. What is the term for the layer of soil that contains the most organic matter?

  • O horizon
  • A horizon
  • B horizon
  • C horizon

42. What is the most important property of soil for determining its ability to grow plants?

  • Soil color
  • Soil texture
  • Soil structure
  • Soil pH

43. What is the primary mineral component of sandstone?

  • Quartz
  • Feldspar
  • Calcite
  • Mica

44. Which process involves the movement of dissolved materials through the soil?

  • Percolation
  • Capillary action
  • Leaching
  • Transpiration

45. Which process is responsible for the formation of soil horizons?

  • Erosion
  • Weathering
  • Soil formation
  • Pedogenesis

46. Which mineral is the most resistant to weathering?

  • Feldspar
  • Quartz
  • Mica
  • Calcite

47. Which type of soil is most fertile for plant growth?

  • Sandy soil
  • Clayey soil
  • Silty soil
  • Loamy soil

48. Which term refers to the ability of soil to hold water against the force of gravity?

  • Soil moisture
  • Field capacity
  • Saturation
  • Wilting point

49. What is the term for the dark, organic material formed in soil from decayed plant and animal matter?

  • Clay
  • Silt
  • Sand
  • Humus

50. Which process is primarily responsible for the transport of nutrients from soil to plant roots?

  • Diffusion
  • Osmosis
  • Active transport
  • Capillary action

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