In this article I have discussed every aspects of chilli farming and its information. Chilli is one of the important fruit vegetable crop of the world, especially in India. Farming practices of chilli requires precise knowledge and experience to get higher yield.
Chilli ( Capsicum annum )
- used as a spice in cooking, can be eaten as raw and it has got several medicinal properties.
- useful against cholera when used with asafoetida and camphor
- contain high amount of vitamin A and C.
- they are annual herbs or sub herbs
- Chilli plant is erect, 0.50 to 1 meter tall and is highly branched. However, it can require mechanical support by using a small stick of plant height.
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Capsicum
Centre of Origin: New world tropics and subtropics
2n: 24
Varieties: Pusa Jwala, Pant C-1, Punjab Lal, G3, KA-2, Bhagya Lakshmi, Bhaskar etc.
Soil Requirements
- Most suitable pH of soil is 6.5 to grow this crop.
- It requires well-drained soil to grow and mature properly, water logging condition in the field can cause root rot.
- Light, fertile and loamy soil is considered ideal to grow chilli crop.
- From research it have been found that vegetative growth and yields are higher on heavy textured soil.
- However, quality of fruits is better on lighter soil than heavy soil.
Climate and temperature
- Chilli crop grows well in warm humid tropical and subtropical regions.
- It can survive and grow in the temperature range of 18 to 40 degrees celsius.
- For getting higher yields from the crop it requires annual rainfall of 650 to 1500 mm.
- Ideal sowing and harvesting temperature is estimated or found to be 35 to 40 degree celsius.
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