Thomas Malthus believed that population growth would surpass the available resources because the human population grows more rapidly than the food supply. He argued that the population grows exponentially while the growth of resources only increases arithmetically which results in overpopulation and scarcity of resources.
According to Malthus, when the population exceeds the ability of the environment to sustain it, famine, disease, and war help to reduce the population for sustainability. However, practices like delayed marriage, abstinence, and contraception could also help in preventing overpopulation.
Although, it’s important to note that Malthus’s predictions did not unfold exactly as he described. Improvements in the health sector, new effective and scientific agricultural practices, etc. have helped food production to keep pace with population growth in many parts of the world. But, still, Malthusian ideas continue to be studied and discussed in the context of population and resource dynamics.
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