{"id":21850,"date":"2025-11-06T17:10:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-06T11:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/?p=21850"},"modified":"2025-11-06T18:04:14","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T12:34:14","slug":"mcqs-on-agriculture-economics-and-marketing-for-agriculture-examinations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/mcqs-on-agriculture-economics-and-marketing-for-agriculture-examinations\/","title":{"rendered":"MCQs On Agriculture Economics And Marketing For Agriculture Examinations"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Hey students, preparing for your upcoming <a href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/prc-licensure-exam-animal-science-reviewer\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"20810\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">agriculture examinations<\/a> such as PRC LEA, UPSC, ICAR JRF, etc. but confused about whether your preparation is going well or not? Well, no more! At Agriculture Review, we keep updating new test series daily based on previous years\u2019 questions of the Examination for Agriculturists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this test, you have to attempt 50 questions from Agriculture Economics and Marketing subject. Attempting all questions is necessary to identify your strengths and weaknesses. After completing the test, you can <strong>take a screenshot of your result<\/strong> for future reference and compare it with past performances. To stay updated with regular test series, <strong>click on the bell icon<\/strong> at the bottom left corner of the screen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also <strong>join our Facebook Broadcast Channel<\/strong>, where we regularly share newly updated questions. 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The law of diminishing returns in agricultural production states that when additional units of a variable input are added to fixed inputs, the marginal product of that input will eventually:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"A\"> a) Increase at an increasing rate<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"B\"> b) Decrease after reaching a maximum point<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"C\"> c) Remain constant<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"D\"> d) Increase indefinitely<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 2 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>2. When the price elasticity of demand for a farm product is greater than 1, it implies that:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"A\"> a) Demand is perfectly elastic<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"B\"> b) Consumers are relatively sensitive to price changes<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"C\"> c) Consumers are relatively insensitive to price changes<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"D\"> d) Demand is perfectly inelastic<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 3 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>3. In a perfectly competitive agricultural market, a single farmer is considered as:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"A\"> a) A price maker<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"B\"> b) A price taker<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"C\"> c) A market regulator<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"D\"> d) A monopoly producer<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 4 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>4. Which of the following correctly represents the concept of equilibrium price in agricultural economics?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"A\"> a) Price at which supply exceeds demand<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"B\"> b) Price at which demand exceeds supply<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"C\"> c) Price at which quantity demanded equals quantity supplied<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"D\"> d) Government-fixed minimum price<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 5 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>5. The World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Agriculture primarily aims to:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"A\"> a) Promote agricultural self-sufficiency among developing nations<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"B\"> b) Regulate international trade in agricultural products through fair competition<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"C\"> c) Subsidize farm inputs for all member countries<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"D\"> d) Encourage export restrictions on staple crops<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 6 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>6. The term \u201cmarketing margin\u201d in agricultural marketing refers to:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"A\"> a) The difference between farm-gate price and retail price<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"B\"> b) The total cost of production per unit output<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"C\"> c) The farmer\u2019s profit after deducting all costs<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"D\"> d) The fixed marketing cost per kilogram of produce<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 7 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>7. In macroeconomic terms, the Gross Value Added (GVA) in agriculture represents:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"A\"> a) The total market value of all intermediate inputs<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"B\"> b) The total income generated by the agricultural sector after deducting input costs<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"C\"> c) The volume of agricultural exports in a fiscal year<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"D\"> d) The total agricultural imports less domestic consumption<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 8 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>8. Which of the following is NOT considered a function of agricultural marketing?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"A\"> a) Grading and standardization<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"B\"> b) Transportation and storage<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"C\"> c) Soil fertility management<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"D\"> d) Buying and selling<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 9 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>9. When the government sets a minimum support price (MSP) above the equilibrium price, it generally results in:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"A\"> a) Shortage of agricultural products<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"B\"> b) Surplus of agricultural products<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"C\"> c) Equilibrium quantity remaining unchanged<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"D\"> d) Decrease in producer income<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 10 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>10. Under the law of comparative advantage, a country should specialize in producing agricultural goods that:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q10\" value=\"A\"> a) Require the least labor input<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q10\" value=\"B\"> b) Have the highest domestic demand<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q10\" value=\"C\"> c) Can be produced at a lower opportunity cost than other goods<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q10\" value=\"D\"> d) Are heavily subsidized by the government<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<!-- Question 11 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>11. In the short run, at least one factor of production in agriculture is considered:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q11\" value=\"A\"> a) Variable<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q11\" value=\"B\"> b) Fixed<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q11\" value=\"C\"> c) Elastic<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q11\" value=\"D\"> d) Substitutable<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 12 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>12. The production function in agriculture shows the relationship between:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q12\" value=\"A\"> a) Inputs used and output produced<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q12\" value=\"B\"> b) Demand and supply of agricultural products<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q12\" value=\"C\"> c) Cost of production and selling price<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q12\" value=\"D\"> d) Marketing margin and profit<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 13 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>13. Which of the following best explains the law of variable proportions in farm production?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q13\" value=\"A\"> a) Output increases proportionately with all inputs<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q13\" value=\"B\"> b) Output first increases at an increasing rate, then at a decreasing rate as more variable inputs are added to fixed inputs<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q13\" value=\"C\"> c) Marginal product remains constant as input increases<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q13\" value=\"D\"> d) Total product always decreases when inputs are increased<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 14 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>14. The opportunity cost of producing one additional ton of corn in a farm represents:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q14\" value=\"A\"> a) The total fixed cost of corn production<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q14\" value=\"B\"> b) The foregone production of another crop due to limited resources<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q14\" value=\"C\"> c) The cost of additional labor used in corn production<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q14\" value=\"D\"> d) The marginal revenue from selling corn<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 15 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>15. In a perfectly competitive agricultural market, individual farmers maximize profit when:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q15\" value=\"A\"> a) Marginal cost equals marginal revenue<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q15\" value=\"B\"> b) Average cost equals total revenue<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q15\" value=\"C\"> c) Marginal product equals average product<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q15\" value=\"D\"> d) Total revenue equals variable cost<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 16 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>16. In the long run, all factors of production in agriculture are considered:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q16\" value=\"A\"> a) Fixed<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q16\" value=\"B\"> b) Variable<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q16\" value=\"C\"> c) Inelastic<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q16\" value=\"D\"> d) Sunk<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 17 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>17. The elasticity of supply in agriculture tends to be low in the short run because:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q17\" value=\"A\"> a) Farmers can easily change crops within a season<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q17\" value=\"B\"> b) Land and other fixed resources cannot be adjusted quickly<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q17\" value=\"C\"> c) Government controls market prices<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q17\" value=\"D\"> d) Demand for farm products is highly elastic<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 18 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>18. In an oligopolistic market for fertilizers, pricing decisions by one firm usually affect:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q18\" value=\"A\"> a) Only small-scale farmers<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q18\" value=\"B\"> b) The pricing strategies of other competing firms<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q18\" value=\"C\"> c) Only government procurement agencies<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q18\" value=\"D\"> d) The level of government subsidies<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 19 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>19. When the demand for rice decreases while supply remains constant, the equilibrium price will:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q19\" value=\"A\"> a) Increase<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q19\" value=\"B\"> b) Decrease<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q19\" value=\"C\"> c) Remain constant<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q19\" value=\"D\"> d) Fluctuate randomly<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 20 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>20. A point inside the Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF) represents:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q20\" value=\"A\"> a) Efficient use of all resources<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q20\" value=\"B\"> b) Unemployment or underutilization of resources<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q20\" value=\"C\"> c) Unattainable production level<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q20\" value=\"D\"> d) Optimal allocation of inputs<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<!-- Question 21 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>21. Fiscal policy refers to the government\u2019s use of:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q21\" value=\"A\"> a) Interest rates and reserve requirements<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q21\" value=\"B\"> b) Government spending and taxation to influence the economy<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q21\" value=\"C\"> c) Money supply regulation by the central bank<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q21\" value=\"D\"> d) Exchange rate adjustments to promote exports<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 22 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>22. In developing countries like the Philippines, agricultural growth contributes to economic development primarily by:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q22\" value=\"A\"> a) Increasing urban employment directly<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q22\" value=\"B\"> b) Providing surplus labor, capital, and food to non-agricultural sectors<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q22\" value=\"C\"> c) Reducing exports of raw materials<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q22\" value=\"D\"> d) Decreasing agricultural productivity<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 23 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>23. The monetary policy tool most directly used by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) to control inflation that affects agricultural credit availability is:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q23\" value=\"A\"> a) Adjusting reserve requirements of banks<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q23\" value=\"B\"> b) Setting tariffs on imported agricultural products<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q23\" value=\"C\"> c) Increasing government expenditure on infrastructure<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q23\" value=\"D\"> d) Subsidizing fertilizer and seed prices<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 24 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>24. Structural transformation in an economy typically involves:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q24\" value=\"A\"> a) A shift of resources from manufacturing to agriculture<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q24\" value=\"B\"> b) A declining share of agriculture in GDP as industry and services expand<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q24\" value=\"C\"> c) Increasing dependence on subsistence farming<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q24\" value=\"D\"> d) Permanent stagnation in agricultural productivity<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 25 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>25. The term \u201cterms of trade\u201d in agricultural economics refers to:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q25\" value=\"A\"> a) Ratio of export prices to import prices<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q25\" value=\"B\"> b) Ratio of farm income to agricultural investment<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q25\" value=\"C\"> c) Difference between export and import quantities<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q25\" value=\"D\"> d) Trade balance divided by GDP<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 26 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>26. When a country\u2019s currency depreciates, agricultural exports usually:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q26\" value=\"A\"> a) Decrease in international competitiveness<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q26\" value=\"B\"> b) Increase in competitiveness and volume<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q26\" value=\"C\"> c) Remain unaffected<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q26\" value=\"D\"> d) Become more expensive for foreign buyers<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 27 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>27. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was primarily created to:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q27\" value=\"A\"> a) Promote protectionism in global agriculture<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q27\" value=\"B\"> b) Reduce barriers to international trade and encourage free trade<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q27\" value=\"C\"> c) Regulate domestic farm subsidies of non-member nations<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q27\" value=\"D\"> d) Control the prices of major export crops<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 28 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>28. Trade liberalization in agriculture generally leads to:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q28\" value=\"A\"> a) Reduced competition among agricultural exporters<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q28\" value=\"B\"> b) Increased global competition and market access<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q28\" value=\"C\"> c) Higher tariffs and import quotas<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q28\" value=\"D\"> d) Isolation of domestic producers from world prices<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 29 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>29. Which of the following policies would most likely encourage agricultural exports?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q29\" value=\"A\"> a) Increasing export taxes on farm goods<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q29\" value=\"B\"> b) Reducing non-tariff barriers and improving logistics infrastructure<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q29\" value=\"C\"> c) Imposing strict export quotas on staple crops<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q29\" value=\"D\"> d) Introducing high import tariffs on fertilizers<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 30 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>30. A country experiences an agricultural trade surplus when:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q30\" value=\"A\"> a) The value of agricultural imports exceeds exports<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q30\" value=\"B\"> b) The value of agricultural exports exceeds imports<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q30\" value=\"C\"> c) Domestic production equals total consumption<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q30\" value=\"D\"> d) Export and import values are equal<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<!-- Question 31 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>31. A farmer sells fresh tomatoes at farm-gate for \u20b118\/kg. The wholesaler buys and sells them to retailers at \u20b124\/kg. Retailers sell to consumers at \u20b136\/kg. What is the absolute marketing margin and the marketing margin as a percentage of the retail price (rounded to 1 decimal place)?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q31\" value=\"A\"> a) Margin \u20b118\/kg; 50.0%<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q31\" value=\"B\"> b) Margin \u20b112\/kg; 33.3%<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q31\" value=\"C\"> c) Margin \u20b118\/kg; 50.0% (i.e., retail \u2212 farm-gate = \u20b118; 18\/36 = 50.0%)<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q31\" value=\"D\"> d) Margin \u20b16\/kg; 16.7%<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 32 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>32. Which channel of distribution for unprocessed rice involves the fewest intermediaries and generally gives the farmer the highest share of the final consumer price?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q32\" value=\"A\"> a) Producer \u2192 Consumer (direct marketing)<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q32\" value=\"B\"> b) Producer \u2192 Retailer \u2192 Consumer<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q32\" value=\"C\"> c) Producer \u2192 Wholesaler \u2192 Retailer \u2192 Consumer<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q32\" value=\"D\"> d) Producer \u2192 Processor \u2192 Exporter \u2192 Consumer<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 33 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>33. A crate of mangoes has an average post-harvest loss of 12% during storage and transport. If a farmer harvests 1,000 kg, what is the expected marketable quantity (in kg) after accounting for these losses?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q33\" value=\"A\"> a) 880 kg<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q33\" value=\"B\"> b) 1,120 kg<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q33\" value=\"C\"> c) 970 kg<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q33\" value=\"D\"> d) 1,000 kg<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 34 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>34. Under functional approach to agricultural marketing, which of the following lists contains only marketing functions?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q34\" value=\"A\"> a) Production planning, input supply, credit provision<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q34\" value=\"B\"> b) Soil testing, seed breeding, field extension<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q34\" value=\"C\"> c) Buying, grading, storage<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q34\" value=\"D\"> d) Export negotiation, land titling, irrigation<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 35 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>35. A local standard states Grade A mangoes must have at least 18% total soluble solids (TSS). This standard primarily helps marketing by:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q35\" value=\"A\"> a) Increasing transportation costs<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q35\" value=\"B\"> b) Reducing consumer choice<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q35\" value=\"C\"> c) Reducing transaction costs and information asymmetry between buyers and sellers<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q35\" value=\"D\"> d) Guaranteeing higher farm yields<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 36 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>36. A cooperative buys palay (paddy) from members at \u20b117\/kg. After milling, 1 kg palay yields 0.65 kg rice. If the cooperative sells rice at \u20b140\/kg, what is the cooperative\u2019s gross margin per kg of palay processed into rice (use conversion to express margin per kg palay rounded to \u20b1)?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q36\" value=\"A\"> a) \u20b19\/kg palay<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q36\" value=\"B\"> b) \u20b17\/kg palay<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q36\" value=\"C\"> c) \u20b115\/kg palay<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q36\" value=\"D\"> d) \u20b10\/kg palay<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 37 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>37. A well-functioning Market Information System (MIS) for vegetables is most likely to reduce which of the following farmer problems?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q37\" value=\"A\"> a) Post-harvest physiological deterioration<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q37\" value=\"B\"> b) Lack of access to credit<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q37\" value=\"C\"> c) Price uncertainty and exploitation by intermediaries<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q37\" value=\"D\"> d) Soil nutrient depletion<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 38 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>38. Which pricing method is most appropriate when a processor sells a branded packaged product (e.g., processed fruit jam) and seeks to recover fixed promotion and packaging costs?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q38\" value=\"A\"> a) Marginal-cost pricing<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q38\" value=\"B\"> b) Cost-plus (markup) pricing<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q38\" value=\"C\"> c) Peak-load pricing<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q38\" value=\"D\"> d) Penetration pricing only<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 39 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>39. A retailer adds packaging and promotion worth \u20b14\/kg and handles distribution costs of \u20b16\/kg. If the farm-gate price was \u20b122\/kg and wholesaler margin was \u20b15\/kg, what is the retailer\u2019s margin if retail price to consumer is \u20b1 Forty (\u20b140\/kg)?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q39\" value=\"A\"> a) \u20b13\/kg<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q39\" value=\"B\"> b) \u20b17\/kg<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q39\" value=\"C\"> c) \u20b19\/kg<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q39\" value=\"D\"> d) \u20b110\/kg<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 40 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>40. In consumer behaviour analysis for fresh vegetables, an observed shift of demand curve to the right (holding price constant) is most plausibly explained by which factor?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q40\" value=\"A\"> a) Decrease in consumers\u2019 income<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q40\" value=\"B\"> b) Higher storage losses<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q40\" value=\"C\"> c) A negative health advisory against the vegetable<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q40\" value=\"D\"> d) Increased consumer preference due to health campaign<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<!-- Question 41 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>41. The government\u2019s guaranteed minimum price at which it buys rice from farmers through the National Food Authority (NFA) is an example of which policy instrument?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q41\" value=\"A\"> a) Price ceiling<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q41\" value=\"B\"> b) Price floor<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q41\" value=\"C\"> c) Tariff reduction<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q41\" value=\"D\"> d) Import quota<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 42 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>42. The major objective of agricultural price support programs implemented by the government is to:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q42\" value=\"A\"> a) Reduce exportable surplus of major crops<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q42\" value=\"B\"> b) Stabilize farmers\u2019 income and encourage production<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q42\" value=\"C\"> c) Limit access of consumers to subsidized food<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q42\" value=\"D\"> d) Discourage use of fertilizers and irrigation<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 43 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>43. A sudden fall in global sugar prices causes lower domestic cane prices and farmer income. This situation reflects which type of agricultural risk?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q43\" value=\"A\"> a) Production risk<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q43\" value=\"B\"> b) Technological risk<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q43\" value=\"C\"> c) Market risk<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q43\" value=\"D\"> d) Policy risk<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 44 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>44. In a typical value chain analysis for mangoes, the actor responsible for quality control and export packaging is usually the:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q44\" value=\"A\"> a) Farm labourer<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q44\" value=\"B\"> b) Input supplier<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q44\" value=\"C\"> c) Export consolidator or processor<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q44\" value=\"D\"> d) Agricultural technician<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 45 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>45. The \u201cRice Competitiveness Enhancement Fund (RCEF)\u201d in the Philippines, established under the Rice Tariffication Law (RA 11203), mainly aims to:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q45\" value=\"A\"> a) Replace rice import restrictions with tariffs and support local productivity<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q45\" value=\"B\"> b) Abolish the National Food Authority\u2019s procurement function entirely<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q45\" value=\"C\"> c) Control retail rice prices through subsidies to traders<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q45\" value=\"D\"> d) Reduce the rice area and shift to high-value crops<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 46 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>46. When farmers join together to form a marketing cooperative, their collective action primarily helps them to:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q46\" value=\"A\"> a) Increase individual transportation costs<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q46\" value=\"B\"> b) Strengthen bargaining power and reduce dependence on middlemen<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q46\" value=\"C\"> c) Avoid access to credit institutions<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q46\" value=\"D\"> d) Eliminate the need for quality standards<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 47 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>47. Globalization has led to Philippine agriculture being more exposed to world market fluctuations. Which of the following is a direct impact of globalization on agricultural marketing?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q47\" value=\"A\"> a) Increased isolation of domestic markets<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q47\" value=\"B\"> b) Reduced need for grading and quality standards<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q47\" value=\"C\"> c) Greater competition and higher quality requirements for exports<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q47\" value=\"D\"> d) Elimination of market intermediaries<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 48 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>48. A government subsidy on fertilizer inputs effectively lowers production costs. Which of the following outcomes is most likely, ceteris paribus?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q48\" value=\"A\"> a) Supply of crops decreases and price rises<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q48\" value=\"B\"> b) Supply curve shifts to the right, reducing market prices<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q48\" value=\"C\"> c) Demand curve shifts to the left<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q48\" value=\"D\"> d) Consumer spending on food decreases<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 49 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>49. A government decision to impose a temporary ban on onion imports to protect local farmers represents which type of policy measure?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q49\" value=\"A\"> a) Fiscal policy<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q49\" value=\"B\"> b) Trade policy<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q49\" value=\"C\"> c) Monetary policy<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q49\" value=\"D\"> d) Land reform policy<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- Question 50 -->\n<div class=\"quiz-question\">\n<p>50. A farmer diversifies production by planting vegetables along with rice to reduce income volatility. This strategy best represents:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"quiz-options\">\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q50\" value=\"A\"> a) Market power expansion<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q50\" value=\"B\"> b) Risk management through diversification<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q50\" value=\"C\"> c) Price fixing strategy<\/label><\/li>\n<li><label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q50\" value=\"D\"> d) Government intervention mechanism<\/label><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n    <button type=\"button\" class=\"quiz-button\">Check Answers<\/button>\n  <\/form>\n\n  <div class=\"result-container\">\n    <div class=\"result-header\">\n      <h2>Your Quiz Result<\/h2>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"result-score\"><\/div>\n    <div class=\"result-share\">\n      <p>Share your score!<\/p>\n      <div class=\"share-buttons\">\n        <a href=\"#\" class=\"share-facebook\"><i class=\"fab fa-facebook-f\"><\/i><\/a>\n        <a href=\"#\" class=\"share-whatsapp\"><i class=\"fab fa-whatsapp\"><\/i><\/a>\n        <a href=\"#\" class=\"share-link\"><i class=\"fas fa-link\"><\/i><\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", () => {\n  document.querySelectorAll(\".quiz-container\").forEach((quizContainer, index) => {\n    const form = quizContainer.querySelector(\".quiz-form\");\n    const button = quizContainer.querySelector(\".quiz-button\");\n    const resultBox = quizContainer.querySelector(\".result-container\");\n    const scoreBox = quizContainer.querySelector(\".result-score\");\n    const shareFacebook = quizContainer.querySelector(\".share-facebook\");\n    const shareWhatsApp = quizContainer.querySelector(\".share-whatsapp\");\n    const shareLink = quizContainer.querySelector(\".share-link\");\n\n    \/\/ \u2705 Define quiz answers per quiz container\n    const quizData = {q1: \"B\",\nq2: \"B\",\nq3: \"B\",\nq4: \"C\",\nq5: \"B\",\nq6: \"A\",\nq7: \"B\",\nq8: \"C\",\nq9: \"B\",\nq10: \"C\",\nq11: \"B\",\nq12: \"A\",\nq13: \"B\",\nq14: \"B\",\nq15: \"A\",\nq16: \"B\",\nq17: \"B\",\nq18: \"B\",\nq19: \"B\",\nq20: \"B\",\nq21: \"B\",\nq22: \"B\",\nq23: \"A\",\nq24: \"B\",\nq25: \"A\",\nq26: \"B\",\nq27: \"B\",\nq28: \"B\",\nq29: \"B\",\nq30: \"B\",\nq31: \"C\",\nq32: \"A\",\nq33: \"A\",\nq34: \"C\",\nq35: \"C\",\nq36: \"A\",\nq37: \"C\",\nq38: \"B\",\nq39: \"D\",\nq40: \"D\",\nq41: \"B\",\nq42: \"B\",\nq43: \"C\",\nq44: \"C\",\nq45: \"A\",\nq46: \"B\",\nq47: \"C\",\nq48: \"B\",\nq49: \"B\",\nq50: \"B\",\n };\n\n    \/\/ \u2705 Handle quiz checking\n    button.addEventListener(\"click\", () => {\n      resultBox.style.display = \"block\";\n      scoreBox.innerHTML = \"\";\n      let correct = 0;\n\n      for (let key in quizData) {\n        const selected = form.querySelector(`input[name=\"${key}\"]:checked`);\n        const answer = quizData[key];\n        const div = document.createElement(\"div\");\n\n        if (selected && selected.value === answer) {\n          div.className = \"result correct\";\n          div.innerHTML = `Question ${key.slice(1)}: \u2705 Correct`;\n          correct++;\n        } else {\n          div.className = \"result incorrect\";\n          div.innerHTML = `Question ${key.slice(1)}: \u274c Incorrect. 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(Upload screenshot manually if needed.)\");\n      window.open(url, \"_blank\");\n    });\n\n    shareWhatsApp.addEventListener(\"click\", async (e) => {\n      e.preventDefault();\n      await captureResult();\n      const text = \"I just scored on this LEA Mock Test! Try to beat my score! \" + window.location.href;\n      const url = \"https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send?text=\" + encodeURIComponent(text);\n      alert(\"Screenshot captured! Now sharing link on WhatsApp. (Upload screenshot manually if needed.)\");\n      window.open(url, \"_blank\");\n    });\n\n    shareLink.addEventListener(\"click\", (e) => {\n      e.preventDefault();\n      navigator.clipboard.writeText(window.location.href).then(() => {\n        alert(\"Link copied to clipboard!\");\n      });\n    });\n  });\n});\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-theme-palette-9-color has-theme-palette-3-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-987af2790492340946e8c3e258c1ee89\">To learn N-P-K Computations, try checking out our tool: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/how-to-calculate-npk-with-formulae\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"16654\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">NPK Calculator<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hey students, preparing for your upcoming agriculture examinations such as PRC LEA, UPSC, ICAR JRF, etc. but confused about whether your preparation is going well or not? Well, no more! At Agriculture Review, we keep updating new test series daily based on previous years\u2019 questions of the Examination for Agriculturists. In this test, you have&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21861,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6,7352,733],"tags":[905,7399,904,7395,7329,7327],"class_list":["post-21850","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture","category-mock-test","category-quiz","tag-agriculture-reviewer","tag-economics","tag-licensure-examination-for-agriculturist","tag-marketing","tag-mcq","tag-reviewer"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21850","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21850"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21850\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21859,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21850\/revisions\/21859"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21861"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21850"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}