{"id":153,"date":"2020-04-17T17:31:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-17T17:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/index.php\/2020\/04\/17\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/"},"modified":"2022-06-25T17:34:09","modified_gmt":"2022-06-25T12:04:09","slug":"soybean-crop-and-cultivation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0938\u094b\u092f\u093e\u092c\u0940\u0928 \u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Origin:<\/strong> Southeast Asia<br><strong>\u0917\u0941\u0923\u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e: <\/strong>2n= 40<br><strong>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930: <\/strong>Leguminosae<br><strong>\u0917\u0923: <\/strong>Fabales<br><strong>\u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938:<\/strong>\u00a0Dicotyledons<br><strong>Kingdom: <\/strong>Plantae<br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d4fd3e5c72e\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d4fd3e5c72e\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Introduction\" >\u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u092f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Area_and_Distribution\" >\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Soybean_Cultivation_Guide\" >Soybean Cultivation Guide<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Soil_Requirements\" >\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Climate_and_Temperature\" >\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Seed_Rate\" >\u092c\u0940\u091c \u0926\u0930<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Field_Preparation\" >Field\u00a0Preparation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Method_of_Seeding\" >Method of Seeding<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Fertilizers\" >\u0916\u093e\u0926<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Irrigation\" >\u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Weed_Management\" >\u0916\u0930\u092a\u0924\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Harvesting\" >\u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/soybean-crop-and-cultivation\/#Yield\" >\u0909\u092a\u091c<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"has-larger-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>\u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u092f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Soybean is an<strong> oilseed crop<\/strong>.<\/li><li>Soybeans are a <strong>rich source of protein, minerals, and vitamins.<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Protein\u00a0content of soybean is 40% and its oil content is 20%.<\/strong><\/li><li>Soybean contains <strong>Omega 3 fatty acids,<\/strong> it has\u00a0<strong>complete protein<\/strong> that&#8217;s why it is a good source of protein for bodybuilders.<\/li><li>Soybean contains<strong> fibers, minerals like calcium, magnesium, selenium and iron, vitamin B12.<\/strong><\/li><li>Soybean can be consumed or eaten as<strong> soy chunks<\/strong>, it is also used to prepare<strong> tofu <\/strong>which has a high content of protein,<strong> soy milk,<\/strong> etc.<\/li><li>Soybean has<strong> no cholesterol and has very low-fat content.<\/strong><\/li><li>Soybean is one of the major source of vegetable oil in the world.<\/li><li>Soybean is\u00a0popularly known as the <strong>Golden Bean.<\/strong><\/li><li>Nowadays soybean is also used to make biodiesel.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-larger-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Area_and_Distribution\"><\/span>\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Soybean is cultivated in Argentina, Brazil, United States.<\/li><li>The United States is the largest producer of soybean crops which accounts for 34% of total soybean production in the world. Brazil stands at second position with having 27% of total production and Argentina comes in third position with 20% of the global soybean production.<\/li><li>China accounts only for 7% of global soybean production while India accounts for 4% of total soybean production in the world.<\/li><li>China stands at 4th and India at the 5th position for the production of soybean in the world.<\/li><li>The total production of soybean in the world is 334, 894, 085 metric tonnes(2016) and in India it is 14,008,000 metric tonnes.<\/li><li>The area under soybean cultivation is estimated to be around 9.73 M hectares.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center has-larger-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Soybean_Cultivation_Guide\"><\/span>Soybean Cultivation Guide<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/soybean-cultivation-guide.jpg\" alt=\"soybean cultivation, soybean farming, \" class=\"wp-image-5978\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/soybean-cultivation-guide.jpg 640w, https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/soybean-cultivation-guide-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/soybean-cultivation-guide-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/soybean-cultivation-guide-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/soybean-cultivation-guide-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Soil_Requirements\"><\/span>\u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0902<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Soybean could be easily grown in any kind of soil but it shows best results in clay loam soils with good drainage.<\/li><li>Waterlogging should be avoided for the proper growth of soybean crops.<\/li><li>Soil pH of 6 to 6.5 is\u00a0considered ideal for plant growth, however pH till 7.5 is also good.<\/li><li>Soybean can tolerate salt concentration to moderate level.<br><br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Climate_and_Temperature\"><\/span>\u091c\u0932\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Soybean crops can withstand both hot and cool temperatures but its growth decreases in extreme high and low temperatures.<\/li><li>For germination soybean crop requires temperature in the range of 15 to 32 degree C.<\/li><li>Soybean performs\u00a0well in a warm and moist climate.<\/li><li>Ideal soil temperature is considered to be 15.5 degrees C or above for the growth of soybean crops.<\/li><li>Flowering is delayed due to low temperatures in soybean crops.<\/li><li>Temperature ranging from 15 to 30 degrees C is good for the growth and development of soybean crops.<\/li><li>Soybean can tolerate\u00a0drought for a short period and requires at least 400 mm of rainfall during growth.<\/li><li>However, it is required to maintain moisture during germination, flowering, and pod formation.<\/li><li>Soybean crop grows rapidly in warm temperature.<br><br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Seed_Rate\"><\/span>\u092c\u0940\u091c \u0926\u0930<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Seed rate of soybean mainly depends on three factors<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">germination percentage,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">seed size and\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">sowing time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>For early sowing, seed rate: 70 &#8211; 80 Kg\/hectare<\/li><li>For late sowing, seed rate: 100 &#8211; 120 Kg\/hectare.<br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Field_Preparation\"><\/span>Field\u00a0Preparation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Fine-textured with less number of clods is considered ideal for the cultivation of soybean crop.<\/li><li>Land should be prepared and\u00a0leveled with the following process:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">one deep plowing with a moldboard plow<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Then two harrowing or plowing with local plow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Drainage channels should be prepared for removing excess water from the field to prevent waterlogging conditions in the field.<br><br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Method_of_Seeding\"><\/span>Method of Seeding<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Soybean seeds should be treated with fungicides 24 hours before sowing.<\/li><li>Captan or Thiram @ 3gram per Kg\u00a0\u00a0<\/li><li>Soybean seeds could be sown in lines. You can use a seed drill for sowing.<\/li><li>Plant to plant distance should be maintained and it should be between 4 to 5 cm.<\/li><li>seed could be sown 3 to 4 cm deep in the soil but sowing depth should not exceed 4 cm.<br><br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fertilizers\"><\/span>\u0916\u093e\u0926<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Application of 15 to 20 tonnes FYM( Farm Yard Manure) or any organic manure per hectare before sowing is considered good for soybean growth.<\/li><li>N, P and K i.e. Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium requirement are as follow<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">20 Kg Nitrogen, 80 Kg Phosphorus, and 40 Kg Potassium per hectare. They could be applied through basal dressing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>40 Kg of sulfur should also be applied in the form of gypsum @ 220 Kg\/hectare.<\/li><li>However local soil testing and considered are preferred best to meet the nutritional need of a crop.<br><br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Irrigation\"><\/span>\u0938\u093f\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0908<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>The first application of water should be given just after the sowing of seeds of soybean.<\/li><li>Second irrigation should be applied 3 DAS ( Days After Sowing).<\/li><li>After that irrigate the field at an interval of 7 to 10 days in summer. During winter soybean crop does not need much water and you can irrigate the field at an interval of 10 to 15 days regularly.<br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Weed_Management\"><\/span>\u0916\u0930\u092a\u0924\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Major weeds of soybean crops are:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Amaranthus spinosus, Brachiaria reptans, Cleome gynanadra, Phyllanthus niruri, Trianthema portulacastrum etc.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>First few weeks, generally field gets weeds infestation that&#8217;s why it is very important to maintain field sanitization to control the growth of weeds.<\/li><li>Hand weeding could be practiced 30 to 45 DAS<\/li><li>Application of PRE Herbicides such as Fluchloralin, Acetochlor, etc, and PPI herbicides such as Trifluralin, Lactofen, Alachlor are efficient to control weed infestation in the field.<br><br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Harvesting\"><\/span>\u092b\u0938\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u091f\u093e\u0908<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>When pods become dry and leaves seems yellow in the entire field, the crop is ready to be harvested.<\/li><li>At this stage harvest the crop with the help of a sickle.<br><br><br><br><br><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Yield\"><\/span>\u0909\u092a\u091c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-list\"><li>Average yield of 18 to 35 quintals\/ hectare is obtained in soybean crops.<\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Origin: Southeast AsiaChromosome number: 2n= 40Family: LeguminosaeOrder: FabalesClass:\u00a0DicotyledonsKingdom: Plantae Introduction Soybean is an oilseed crop. Soybeans are a rich source of protein, minerals, and vitamins. Protein\u00a0content of soybean is 40% and its oil content is 20%. Soybean contains Omega 3 fatty acids, it has\u00a0complete protein that&#8217;s why it is a good source of protein for&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5978,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=153"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5979,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions\/5979"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5978"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}