{"id":1188,"date":"2021-01-11T16:05:56","date_gmt":"2021-01-11T10:35:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/?p=1188"},"modified":"2022-09-29T17:38:56","modified_gmt":"2022-09-29T12:08:56","slug":"disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901: \u0917\u0947\u0939\u0942\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u092c\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u090f\u0901"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-size:20px\">This ultimate guide on <strong>disease of wheat<\/strong> will help you to know symptoms, and management of wheat diseases. After reading this article you will be able to identify and control wheat crop disease. According to <a href=\"https:\/\/bdspublishing.com\/_webedit\/uploaded-files\/All%20Files\/Chapters\/9781786760166-015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">bdspublishing.com<\/a> disease infestation in wheat crop causes <strong>20% wheat production losses<\/strong> globally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e894b146933\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e894b146933\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Disease_of_Wheat\" >Disease of Wheat<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Wheat_Fungus_Disease\" >Wheat Fungus Disease<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Powdery_Mildew\" >\u092a\u093e\u0909\u0921\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u0940 \u092b\u092b\u0942\u0902\u0926<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Downy_Mildew\" >Downy Mildew<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Ergot\" >Ergot<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Leaf_Rust\" >Leaf Rust<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Stem_Rust\" >Stem Rust<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Wheat_Bacterial_Disease\" >Wheat Bacterial Disease<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Bacterial_Black_Chaff_Bacterial_Stripe\" >Bacterial Black Chaff &amp; Bacterial Stripe<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Basal_Glume_Rot_Bacterial_Leaf_Blight\" >Basal Glume Rot &amp; Bacterial Leaf Blight<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Bacterial_Spike_Blight\" >Bacterial Spike Blight<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Wheat_Viral_Disease\" >Wheat Viral Disease<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/disease-of-wheat-symptoms-and-management\/#Barley_Yellow_Dwarf\" >Barley Yellow Dwarf<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Disease_of_Wheat\"><\/span>Disease of Wheat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Wheat crop can get affected from fungal, bacterial, as well as viral diseases. Hence, it become very important to know about them for successful farming. You can control these diseases inorganically as well as organically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">However, in serious infestation, many a times organic application doesn&#8217;t work properly. But, prevention is always better than cure. Try to adopt preventive measures and spray organic pesticides such as <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/2021\/01\/neemastra-preparation-and-uses.html\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">neemastra<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/2020\/12\/how-to-prepare-panchgavya-organic-pesticide-and-benefits.html\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u092a\u0902\u091a\u0917\u0935\u094d\u092f<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/2020\/08\/waste-decomposer-a-to-z-guide-on-waste-decomposer.html\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">waste decomposer<\/a><\/strong>, etc. periodically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can spray any of these at the required interval. This will not only help to prevent your crop from hazardous pest and diseases, but will also improve fertility of the soil. Moreover better farm practices and use of disease and pest resistant improved variety also ensures better crop health.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wheat_Fungus_Disease\"><\/span>Wheat Fungus Disease<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">According to United States <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usda.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Department of Agriculture<\/a>, wheat crop can get affected by many fungal diseases. These fungal diseases of wheat are: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table><thead><tr><th>Fungal Disease<\/th><th>Causal Organism<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u092a\u093e\u0909\u0921\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u0940 \u092b\u092b\u0942\u0902\u0926<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Erysiphe graminis<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Downy Mildew<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Sclerophthora macrospora<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ergot<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Claviceps purpurea<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Leaf Rust (Brown Rust)<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Puccinia recondita<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Stem Rust (Black Rust)<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Puccinia graminis<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Stripe Rust (Yellow Rust)<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Puccinia striiformis<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Common and Dwarf Bunt (Stinking Bunt)<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Tilletia foetida<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Karnal Bunt (Partial Bunt)<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Tilletia indica<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Loose Smut<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Ustilago tritici<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Flag Smut<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Urocytis agropyri<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Septoria Tritici Blotch<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Mycosphaerella graminicola<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Septoria Nodorum Blotch<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Leptosphaeria nodorum<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Septoria Avenae Blotch<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Leptosphaeria avenaria<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Spot Blotch<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Cochliobolus sativus<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Fusarium Leaf Blotch<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Colonectria nivalis<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Rhizoctonia Root Rot<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Rhizoctonia solani<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Common Root Rot<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Helminthosporium<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Alternaria Leaf Blight<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Alternaria triicina<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Scab<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Fusarium<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Sclerotium wilt<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Corticum rolfsii<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Black Mold<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Alternaria<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Eyespot<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Take-All<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Gaeumannomyces graminis<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Black Point<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Alternaria<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tan Spot<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Pyrenosphora trichostoma<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>Source: USDA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"> <br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Powdery_Mildew\"><\/span>\u092a\u093e\u0909\u0921\u0930 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u0940 \u092b\u092b\u0942\u0902\u0926<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The <strong>causal organism <\/strong>of powdery mildew disease in wheat is <em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Erysiphe_graminis_f.sp._tritici\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Erysiphe graminis<\/a><\/strong><\/em>. Host plants are barley, oats, rye, etc. This fungus has high degree of host specificity. This disease can cause serious crop loss if not treated properly. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Cool temperature of around 15 to 22 degrees Celsius and high humidity in the atmosphere can favour the growth of this disease.<br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can easily notice <strong>greyish <\/strong>to <strong>white powdery growth <\/strong>mainly on the leaves. However, you can also notice the growth on leaf sheath, stem, and floral parts of the plant. Later on, if not controlled then these initial infection turns into black lesion. At this stage leaves starts drying.<br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can spray <strong>wettable sulphur <\/strong>@ <strong>0.2%<\/strong>. You can also try to control this disease by spraying <strong>Carbendazin <\/strong>@ <strong>500 grams <\/strong>per <strong>hectare<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">However, you can read this article to know more about controlling powdery mildew disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\"><strong>\u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0947\u0902: <a href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/2020\/08\/powdery-mildew-easy-and-best-ways-to-control-powdery-mildew.html\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">LEARN TO CONTROL POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE<\/a><\/strong><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Downy_Mildew\"><\/span>Downy Mildew<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The <strong>causal organism <\/strong>of downy mildew in wheat is <em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sclerophthora_macrospora\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Sclerophthora macrospora<\/a><\/strong><\/em>. <strong>Host plant<\/strong> is wheat. <strong>Water logged <\/strong>condition in the field can increase the risk of this disease infestation. Moreover, <strong>temperature <\/strong>range between <strong>10 <\/strong>to <strong>25 degrees Celsius <\/strong>can enhance the spread.<br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The infected plant starts tillering profusely. These hollow stems are yellowish to green in colour. They are short, erect, and irregular in shape. The leaves are thick and erect. Premature death of tiller occurs or they never head. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">But, if the heads are formed then they can be branched.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Avoid waterlogging condition in the field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Growing resistant variety helps in preventing chances of disease infestation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">In case of infestation spray <strong>copper fungicide <\/strong>to control this disease. You can spray this fungicide once after every 7 days. Keep spraying frequently to control the disease.<br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ergot\"><\/span>Ergot <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The <strong>causal organism <\/strong>of ergot disease of wheat is <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Claviceps_purpurea\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Claviceps purpurea<\/a><\/em><\/strong>. <strong>Host plants <\/strong>are all small grains cereal crops. Infestation of this disease can result in small size and depleted grain quality. Moreover, <strong>cool <\/strong>\u0914\u0930 <strong>humid climate <\/strong>favours the growth of this disease.<br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">During flowering stage, the floret gets infected. The infected part produces a yellowish, sweet, and sticky exudate. This sticky and yellowish exudate is easily visible on glumes. The development of kernels that occurs on infected florets gets replaced by fungus bodies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">They are generally brown to purplish black fungal structures. The primary infection can occur from ascospores in fruiting bodies. These are formed by sclerotia or ergot bodies from the previous year&#8217;s crop.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Selecting disease resistant and high quality seeds can prevent your crop from this disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Keep removing weeds from the field time to time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Practice crop rotation with non-host crop such as legumes, sorghum, corn, etc. The sclerotia survives only for one year in the soil. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Spraying any <strong>broad spectrum fungicide <\/strong>can also help. But, for controlling ergot disease, prevention is better than cure. As there is no specific control measures for this disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Leaf_Rust\"><\/span>Leaf Rust <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The <strong>causal organism <\/strong>of leaf rust or brown rust disease is<strong> <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puccinia_recondita\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Puccinia recondita<\/a><\/em><\/strong>. <strong>Host plants<\/strong> are <strong>wheat<\/strong>, <strong>\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0932<\/strong>, and other related grasses. Infestation of this disease can result in serious reduction in crop yield. Atmospheric temperature near to <strong>20 degrees Celsius<\/strong> \u0914\u0930 <strong>free moisture <\/strong>can result in the rapid spread of this disease. <br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\"><strong>Primary infection <\/strong>can occur on the <strong>upper surface <\/strong>of <strong>leaves <\/strong>\u0914\u0930 <strong>leaf sheath<\/strong>. You can notice elliptical to circular <strong>pustules<\/strong>. They are generally smaller than the postules of stem rust. Moreover, these pustules have <strong>orange <\/strong>to <strong>brown <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Urediniospore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">urediospores<\/a><\/strong>. The alternate host is <em><strong>Thalictrum <\/strong><\/em>species.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can practice <a href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/2020\/09\/multiple-cropping-definition-benefits-and-selection-of-crops.html\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">mixed cropping<\/a> system of farming. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Applying excess doze of nitrogen can increase the risk of leaf rust disease infestation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can spray <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zineb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Zineb<\/a> @ 2.5 Kilograms per hectare. However, you can also spray <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Propiconazole\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Propiconazole<\/a> @ 0.1%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Moreover, you can start cultivating wheat crop with disease resistant variety. Try to find out the best resistant variety fit for your region in local government or private agricultural institutions.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Stem_Rust\"><\/span>Stem Rust <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The <strong>causal organism <\/strong>of stem rust or black rust of wheat is <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stem_rust\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Puccinia graminis<\/a><\/em><\/strong>. The host plants are wheat, barley, triticale, and other related grasses. Loss in grain weight and quality occurs due to stem rust disease infestation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\"><strong>Moderate temperature <\/strong>\u0914\u0930 <strong>free humidity <\/strong>in the form of rain and dew can favour the growth of this disease. The initial infection or primary infections are light and occurs because of wind borne urediospores. <br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can notice dark reddish brown pustules mainly on upper and lower surface of the leaves. However, you can also notice them on all aerial parts of the plant. These pustules remain separate and scattered. In case of heavy infestation these scattered pustules coalesce. <br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can practice <strong>mixed cropping <\/strong>\u092f\u093e <strong>crop rotation <\/strong>to prevent your crop from this disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Do not apply excess doze of fertilizer, especially nitrogen. Excess nitrogen application can increase the risk of disease infestation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can try <strong>sulphur dusting <\/strong>@ <strong>35 <\/strong>to <strong>40 Kilograms <\/strong>per hectare. Moreover you can also apply <strong>Mancozeb <\/strong>@ <strong>2 grams per litre <\/strong>of <strong>water<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Grow disease resistant variety crop to ensure better results.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wheat_Bacterial_Disease\"><\/span>Wheat Bacterial Disease<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">According to United States Department of Agriculture your wheat crop can get infected with the bacterial diseases. Hence, knowing about these disease becomes very important to save your crop from them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Bacterial Disease<\/th><th>Causal Organism<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Bacterial Black Chaff<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Xanthomonas campestris<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Bacterial Stripe<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Xanthomonas campestris<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Basal Glume Rot<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Pseudomonas syringae<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Bacterial Leaf Blight<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Pseudomonas syringae<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Bacterial Spike Blight<\/strong><\/td><td><em>Corynebacterium tritici<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>Source: USDA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bacterial_Black_Chaff_Bacterial_Stripe\"><\/span>Bacterial Black Chaff &amp; Bacterial Stripe<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The <strong>causal organism <\/strong>of bacterial black chaff and bacterial stripe disease in wheat is <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Xanthomonas_campestris\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Xanthomonas campestris<\/a><\/em><\/strong>. This bacteria survives on crop residues under the soil. It can tolerate warm as well as freezing temperature. However, free moisture can result in the spread of this disease.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">There are various strains of this bacterium. And according to its strain symptoms varies. In case of <strong>bacterial black chaff<\/strong>, you can notice the initial symptoms on the glumes. But, in case of <strong>bacterial stripe<\/strong> you can notice the initial symptoms on leaves or leaf sheath.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can easily notice narrow chlorotic lesions or stripes. They have water soaked appearance. Later on if the atmospheric moisture remains nearly similar then you can notice sticky yellowish exudates. They will eventually dry and will form crusty droplets. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">In severe infection, spikes become sterile. <br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Use disease free or pathogen free seeds to prevent your crop from these disease.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Control weeds and pests in the field to save your crop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can also apply neemastra to prevent the spread of bacteria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Avoid late sowing of seeds.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Basal_Glume_Rot_Bacterial_Leaf_Blight\"><\/span>Basal Glume Rot &amp; Bacterial Leaf Blight<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The causal organism of basal glume rot and bacterial leaf blight in wheat crop is <strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pseudomonas_syringae\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Pseudomonas syringae<\/a><\/em><\/strong>. The <strong>host plants <\/strong>are all small grains cereal crops. The bacteria can survive on crop residues and grass hosts. Wet and humid climate favours the growth of this disease.<br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can notice small, dark green, water soaked lesions at the base of the glume. Later on these lesions turn dark brown to blackish in colour and spread on leaves and spikes. If you will hold the diseased glumes toward light then they will appear translucent. However, lesions may also appear on rachis and kernels.<br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can use disease resistant crop variety to save your crop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Practicing good farm sanitization and timely removal of host grass weeds can help to save your crop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Till now there is no proper chemical control of this disease. Hence try to use organic alternatives such as neemastra, or <a href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/2021\/01\/aagneyastra-preparation-benefits-and-uses.html\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">aagneyastra<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Remove the infected plant immediately and burn them at a far distance from the field.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bacterial_Spike_Blight\"><\/span>Bacterial Spike Blight<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The <strong>causal organism <\/strong>of bacterial spike blight in wheat is <em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rathayibacter_tritici\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Corynebacterium tritici<\/a><\/strong><\/em>. The <strong>host plants<\/strong> are wheat and some wild grasses. This is not so hazardous disease. The pathogens remains in the soil and spread with the help of <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anguina_tritici\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Anguina tritici<\/a><\/em>.<br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can notice yellow exudate on the spikes during initial infection. Later on this exudate dries and turns into white in colour. Old leaves gets twisted and wrinkled. <br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Use certified and disease resistant seeds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Avoid late sowing of seeds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Treat the seeds with panchgavya before sowing or practice seed treatment with solarization technique. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Do not allow weed growth and follow field sanitization.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Wheat_Viral_Disease\"><\/span>Wheat Viral Disease<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">According to United States Department of Agriculture wheat crop can get affected from viral disease too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Viral Disease<\/th><th>Causal Organism<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Barley Yellow Dwarf<\/strong><\/td><td>Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>Source: USDA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Barley_Yellow_Dwarf\"><\/span>Barley Yellow Dwarf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The <strong>causal organism <\/strong>of barley yellow dwarf disease in wheat is <strong>Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus <\/strong>(<strong>BYDV<\/strong>). The host plants are wheat, barley, triticale, oats and many grass species. Temperature range around 20 degrees Celsius favours the growth of this disease. <br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">The symptoms of this disease can vary. The main factors according to which the symptoms varies are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Crop cultivar,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Age of plant,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Time of infection,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">Environmental conditions,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">and strain of the virus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">General symptoms are yellowing or reddening of leaves. Reduced growth of roots and thickened stiff leaves. This virus can spread from the 20 different species of aphids.<br><br><br><br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\">You can spray insecticides to stop the spread of this disease. As this disease spreads through aphids. So try to control their population the field. You can check out the following article to learn on how to deal with aphids.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:20px\"><strong>\u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0947\u0902: <a href=\"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/2020\/07\/how-to-control-aphids-the-organic-way.html\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">HOW TO CONTROL APHIDS?<\/a><\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This ultimate guide on disease of wheat will help you to know symptoms, and management of wheat diseases. After reading this article you will be able to identify and control wheat crop disease. According to bdspublishing.com disease infestation in wheat crop causes 20% wheat production losses globally. Disease of Wheat Wheat crop can get affected&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8456,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[127,80],"class_list":["post-1188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture","tag-disease-of-wheat","tag-wheat-farming"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1188"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1188\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8454,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1188\/revisions\/8454"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agriculturereview.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}